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By Risky Triwijaya

PAST PERFECT TENSE :: PPT

hahahaha..ini dia materi terakhir yang saya masukin di Blog saya..

hahaha..

Present perfect tense adalah digunakan untuk menggambarkan efek dari tindakan masa lalu saat ini...

Present perfect tense is used for describing a past action's effect an the present.

Pattern I :: S + have/has + been + complement

Pattern II :: S+ have/has + V3 + O/Adv.

Past Perfect Tense is kind of tense that is used to describe an action or an event that started in a certain time in the post and completed or finished fill certain time in the past too : or perfect tense is used to express an action or an event that had happened before the other event or action happened.

Pattern :: S + had + V3 + Complement

Present Future Perfect Tense is used to assert an assert an action or an event that will happened or will finished at the definite time at the future.

Pattern I :: S (except I) + will/shall + have + been + Complement

Pattern II :: S+ will/shall + have + V3 + O/Adv.

Past Future Perfect Tense is used to assert an action or an event that will happened before or at the other event happened at the past future.

Pattern I :: S + would/shoul + have + been + Complement

Pattern II :: S + would/shoul + have + v3 + O/Adv.

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By Risky Triwijaya

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VOCABS

Vocabs adalah bentuk benda-benda di sekitar kita atau struktur tubuh kita sendiri...

Lihat gambar-gambar berikut..

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By Risky Triwijaya

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PROCEDURE TEXT

Procedure text is designed to describe how something is achieved through a sequence of action or steps.

Procedure text digunakan untuk melihat cara pembuatan atau cara bagaimana sesuatu yang dicapai melalui suatu urutan dari tindakan atau langkah.

It explains how people perform different processes in a sequence of steps.
This text uses simple present tense,often imperative sentences.
It also usually uses rhe temporal conjuction such as first,second,then,next,finally,etc.

The structure of this text consist of 3 parts:

~ goal (or title),
~ materials (not required for all procedural text),
~ steps.

However,there is procedural text that only consists of goal and followed by some steps.
The purpose of recount text is to tell how to make or operate something step by step.

Example :

How to charge hand phone battery

prepare your :
- hand phone
- battery charger

Steps :
1. Connect the charger to your hand phone, the flash symbol on the charger plug must face upward.
2. Wait until the battery icon appears on the screen.
3. Charge the battery approximately 5 hours or until the battery icon indicates that the battery is fully charged.
4. Remove the charger by pulling out from your hand phone.

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By Risky Triwijaya

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NARRATIVE TEXT

Narrative text is a text used for the purpose of entertaining or amusing, creating, stimulating emotions, motivating and teaching *ternyata banyak manfaatnya* or the listeners and it usually deals with or vicious experience.

Narrative text adalah umumnya seperti cerita dongeng...

Generic structure of narrative text are :

* Orientation.(sees the scene and introduces the participants.) *Perkenalan.

* Complication.(a crisis arises.) *Permasalahan.

* Resolution.(the crisis is resolved, for better or for worse.) *Akhir cerita, happy / worse ending

Example :
-Myth
-Legend
-Folktale
-Folklore,etc

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RECOUNT TEXT

Recount text is a text is used to retell *menceritakan kembali* events for the purpose of informing org entertaining.

Recoun text adalah cerita-cerita masa lalu, pasti semua orang punya masing-masing kisah masa lalunya..

hehehehe...

Recount text are :

* Use of simple pas tense. *karena menceritakan masa lampau*

* Use of temporal conjunctions.

* Use of personal pronoun.

Example ;

RA Kartini

Every April 21, people in Indonesia commemorate the Kartini day. It is

a beautiful day for the woman because we celebrate the birth of great

lady, RA. Kartini. Everyone knows who kartini is. She is our national

heroine and a great lady with the bright idea.

Kartini was born in 1879, April 21 in Mayong Jepara. Her father was

RMAA. Sosroningrat, Wedana (assistant of head of regency) in Mayong.

Her mother, MA Ngasirah was a girl from Teluk Awur village in Jepara.

As the daughter of a noble family, she felt luck because she got more

than the ordinary people got. She got better education than other

children. She did anything she wants although it was forbidden. She

passed her childhood with her brother and sister. Because she was very

energetic, her father called her "trinil"

Then her father was chosen as Bupati (the head of regency) in Jepara.

She and her family then moved from Mayong to Jepara. In the same year,

Kartini's second sister RA Kardinah was born. The environment in Jepara

gave her big chance to develop her idea. She could study at the Dutch

owned school where only children from noble family could study here.

Few years after finishing her study, RA. Kartini was willing to

continue her study in higher level. But the custom of that day forbid a

woman to go to school. A tradition of that time, a teenage girl should

be secluded and limited her activity. So was Kartini. She was secluded

inside the house and forbidden to go out until a man propose her. The

rule could restrict her body but not her mind. During her "pingitan"

time, she spent her time by reading book which she got from her

relatives.

Although she was not able to continue her study to higher level, she

was smart had a bright idea. She got the knowledge from the books she

read. To express her idea, she established a school for local people on

the backyard of Jepara city hall.

In November 12,1903, she married Adipati Djoyodiningrat, the head of

Rembang regency. According to Javanese tradition Kartini had to follow

her husband. Then she moved to Rembang.
In September 13, 1904 she gave a birth to her son. His name was

Singgih. But after giving birth to a son, her condition was getting

worse and she finally passed away on September 17, 1904 on her 25 years

old.

Now Kartini has gone. But her spirit and dream will always be in our

heart. Nowadays Indonesian women progress is influenced by Kartini's

spirit stated on collection of letter "Habis gelap terbitlah terang"

from the dusk to the dawn.

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By Risky Triwijaya

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SIMPLE PRESENT TENSE

Present tense is simple form which used to express situation going into effect.

Simple Present tense digunakan untuk mengekspresika situasi yang berlaku...

Simple present tense is used for : -kegunaan present tense-

Express habit, general truths, repeated actions or unchanging situation, emotions and whised.

* Give instruction or direction.

* To express arrangement.

PATTERNS (Using verbs) *RUMUS*

(+) SUBJECT + VERB₁+ COMPLEMENT/OBJECT.

(-) SUBJECT + DO/DOES + NOT + VERB_{1 +}COMPLEMENT/OBJECT.

(?) DO/DOES + SUBJECT + VERB₁+ COMPLEMENT + ?

PATTERNS (using be) *RUMUS JUGA*

(+) SUBJECT + TO BE (IS, AM, ARE) + COMPLEMENT.

(-) SUBJECT + TO BE (IS, AM, ARE) + NOT + COMPLEMENT.

(?) TO BE (IS, AM, ARE) + SUBJECT + COMPLEMENT.

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SIMPLE PAST TENSE

Simple past is used for describing acts that have already been concluded and whose exact time of occurrence is known. Furthermore, simple past is used for retelling successive events. That is why it is commonly used in storytelling

Simple Past tense adalah di gunakan untuk kembali menceritakan kejadian masa lalu atau masa lampau...

lihat gambar di samping ini adalah mobil masa silam masih kacau betuknya dan ambrul adul..

wkwkwk...

Simple Past Tense is a kind of tense which is used to describe an event or action that happened already in a certain time in the past
The pattern :
(+) Subject + verb II + complement
(-) Subject + did not + verb II + complement
(?) Did + subject + verb I

The examples :
(+) I went to Tangkiling yesterday
(-) I did not go anywhere last night
(?) Did you go last week?

Adverbs used : yesterday, last night, last week, two days ago, a few minutes ago, last weekend, last month, last year, in 1984, etc.

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PAST PERFECT TENSE :: PPT

VOCABS

PROCEDURE TEXT

NARRATIVE TEXT

RECOUNT TEXT

SIMPLE PRESENT TENSE

SIMPLE PAST TENSE

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